Organic cultivation of BROCCOLI

          Today we will discuss about Broccoli.

It seeds and plants are such similar to Cauliflower. Branches of little flower are the edible parts of the plants. The branches of flowers are cut before it's complete growth. It is mostly cultivated in Himachal Pradesh, Arunachal Pradesh, and Jammu and Kashmir.

                               Climate

For it's cultivation cold and moderate climate is mostly suitable. For the development of its flowers moderate climate is needed, if there is rise in the temperature while the development of flowers then it can split, spread and also turn yellowish.

                     Soil for it's cultivation.

It can be cultivated in all type of soil but Sandy-loamy soil is the most suitable one for it or the soil with appropriate organic manure is good for it's cultivation as it boosts up it's growth.

                         Time of harvesting.

In southern India, winter season is most suitable for it's cultivation. For it germination 20-25 degree Celsius is the most suitable one. And in lower mountain region it's cultivation time is from September- October, in middle it is  form August- September and in higher region it is from March-April.

                                Seeds rate.

About 400-500gm of seeds are required for one heactare of land.

                      Preparation of farm.

Alike Cauliflower, it is also cultivated in nurseries. For this 3feet long 1 feet wide and about 1.5cm high nurseries are prepared for harvesting of seeds. After, preparation of land spoiled cowdung is mixed to the soil, after this the seeds are sown at a distance of 4-5cm and 2-2.5 cm deep in the soil in a lineal sequence. After sowing, nurseries are covered up by using grass or husk. Irrigate it occasionally, as plants starts to germinate the husk and grass is removed. To prevent the plants from pets, Cow urine or Kadha of neem is used.

                        Harvesting of crops.

When the plants become 4 weeks older then it is shown in farm in a lineal sequence and line-line distance should be 15-60 cm and plant-plant distance should be 30-45cm. At the time of harvesting of seeds and land should be irrigated.

                    Manures and fertilizers.

Before if sowing seeds, in per 10sq meter of land 50kg of spoiled Cowdung, 1kg of bark of neem and 1kg bark of mustard should be spread and the farm should be ploughed and mixed and then the seeds should be harvested. In 1 heactare of land 100-120kg of Nitrogen, 40-50kg of Phosphorus and 50-60 tons of cowdung is required. Cowdung and phosphorus is mixed and spread in the farm before harvesting of seeds and should be ploughed so that it is mixed in the land. Total amount of Nitrogen should be divided into 2-3parts and should be sprinkle at the duration of 25, 45 , and 60 days respectively.

                            Irrigation.

By Considering soil, growth of plant and weather the land should be irrigation in the duration of 10-15days.

          

                              Weeds control.

For proper growth of its plants it should be frequently controlled from the weeds and the soil which Separates after irrigation from the plants then it should be properly use to cover the roots of the plants.

                     Disease and control.

The most common disease of this plant are BLACK ROT, STEM ROT, ALTERNARIA LEAF SPOTS, and POWDERY MILDEW and for it's prevention 5litre of butter milk, 2 kg neem bark, 100gm tobacco bark and 1kg of datura be boiled in 2litres of water and when the water remain to 1litres then it should be Sieved and Butter milk and this solution should be mixed in 140litres of water and by the help of pump line it should be sprinkle in the farm.

                      Cutting and production.

The crops get ready within 60-75days of it's harvesting. When the buds get ready in the bundle then the crops is completely ready and should be cut down. If the crop is not cut at the proper time then it spread and an wasted finally. It gives upto 12-15tons of production per heactare.