About soyabean

                               SOYABEAN

Today we will talk about the organic cultivation of soyabean.

Scientific name. :  Glycine max

   Family.             : Fabaceae

Nutrition value of soyabean in100 gm    

           Fat         :.  20 gm

     Sodium.       :. 2 gm

  Potassium.     : 1796 mg 

Carbohydrate.  : 30 gm

Protein.             : 36 gm

It is an important oilseeds and it's organic cultivation is today demand because crops cultivated by organic method are is high demand across the world and also have a high price. Soyabean cultivated by organic method is used in many purposes such as soya paneer, soya milk, & soya flour.and along with these soyabean is used to make soya souce and biscuits.

                  The land for cultivation

For it's cultivation ,sandy- loamy soil to loamy soil which has better water draining capacity that is suitable for soyabean cultivation. The pH value of soil should be 6-6.5 so that nitrogen fixation can be easily carried out by the bactria.

            Best variety of soyabean seeds

J S -325, p k-472, J A -7105,NRC-7, NRC-12, PRATAP SOYA-2, JS-93-05 ETC.

               

                    Preparation of land

For organic cultivation of soyabean and for it's optimum growth , land should be prepared. In summar , land should be ploughed deeply so that insects , disease, weeds should be reduced and soil' s water draining capacity would improved and along with last ploughing neem's bark should be spread as 200kg/ acre.

                       Seed sowing time

It's cultivation should be done along with the upcoming of monsoon. At the time of sowing atleast there should be moisture to 10cm deep. The best phase for it's production will also get affected.

                                Seed rate 

For cultivation in acre there will be need of 75-80 kg of seeds it.

                           Sowing method

For the organic cultivation of soyabean row- row distance should be 45 cm and plant-plant distance should be 10-15 cm .seeds should be sowed to more than 3-4 cm deep.

   

                        Fertilizers management

As this crop requires ph value 6-6.5 so, in this land should be treated with lime to app.3 ton/ acre and along with to increase it's production we can also rock phosphate . Earthworm's manures should be added 7.5tone/acre at the time of sowing and 3 sprinkle of liquid vermi wash after 15 ,30, & 45 days of cultivation.

                         irrigation management

Soyabean's crops usually doesn't require irrigation but when soyabean blooms flowers and fruits start to develop then, there should not be scarcity of water then the crop require irrigation 2-3 times.

                           Insects prevention

1.    White fly 

      

Insect's newborn and adults both affects the crop badly. It sucks the juice of tendile branches and leaves . Newborns stick to any particular place of the plants and suck all the juice in it but adults sucks juices from many parts of the plants by their flying ability, and affects the crops.

         Prevention :.  plants the crop at right time.

                           2. Nitrogen used fertilizer should be used in proper quantity.

                          3. Control weeds at starting and the soyabean which has turn yellow should be destroyed.

                         4. Between August- September the attacks start, prepare a solution of neem seeds 5% should be sprinkle.

2. Brown-spots.

This disease is seen during the blooming phase, in this plants acquire red and brown zigzag sports due to this eventually leaves fall down.

     Prevention : 1. Use disease free seeds during plantation & plants disease resistant seeds only.

3. Yellow-mosaic.

     In this plans and leaves become dwarf and leaves gets wrinkles , plants also require negligible fruits.

Prevention:-

1. Use toxic free seeds.

2. In soyabean's cultivation remove diseased plants.

3. For organic cultivation sprinkle cow urine along with neem oil in ratio of 1:10.

                     Cutting of crops.

When plants leaves turns yellow and colour of fruits changes then the crops should be cut down, before sprouting of fruits in the farm crops should be cut and fruits should be dried in sunlight and seeds should be removed from it.

 Production: 1acre can yield upto 10-15 tons of seeds.