Organic cultivation of green gram

     Today we will discuss about green gram

 

Scientific name  :.  Vigna Radiata

     Family.            :. Fabaceae

In india green gram is among the most popular pulse. Cultivation of green gram is done after the cutting of wheat , potato , mustard , etc... In Punjab, Harayana, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, & Utter Pradesh it's cultivation is done as the main crops in summer. By the cultivation of green gram , soil's fertility increase to certain extent as it roots have nitrogenous bacteria in them, that's why the crop which is planted after it's gets a good amount of nutrition. By the use of green gram many food products are made from it such as Namkeen, papad etc...

           Soil  Suitable for it's best growth

For it's cultivation loamy soil & sandy-loamy soil are the best suitable. Water draining capacity of the soil should be good. The pH value of soil should be 7.0-7.5.

      Land preparation for the cultivation of green gram:

During Kharif season , soil-twisting plough should be used and after the onset of monsoon simple plough and cultivator plough 2-3 times to get the land free from weeds. To prevent the land from white ant , use chloropyriphos 1.5 pinch to 20-25kg/heactare while the preparation of farm.

                                            For summer crop, just after the cutting of rabi crops We should plough land immediately and the land should be left ideal after pouring water in it for 4-5days. Plough the land by simple plough or the cultivator for 2-3 times and made the soil free and plain by which soil will preserve the moisture and sprouting of seeds would be accurate.

                  Best variety of green gram

HMU -16,  pant green gram-1, Puja  baisakhi , Type-44,  P.D.M  -11, P.DM.-5, P.D.M -8, MEH.K - 851 etc...

              Sowing time of green gram.

In Kharif season, the best time for the cultivation of it is from last week of june to 1st week of July and during summer the best time is upto 15th March, if there is delay in the cultivation in summer season then there will be delay in time of blooming and by which the production will be less.

      Seed treatment and sowing method.

During Kharif, it requires 20kg/heactare of seeds while in summer 25-30kg/heactare. Before sowing the seeds should be treated with carbodiazonium ,ceptane (1.2) in 3gram/kg quantity. After it seeds should treated with Rhizobium culture to 5gm/kg. For better production in Kharif we should plant the crops in linewise sequence and line-line distance should be 30-45cm and plant-plant distance should be 10-15cm while In summer the line-line distance should be 20-22cm and plant-plant distance should be 10-15cm. And for 1 heactare cultivation N:P:K (20:40:20) and along with it 20kg of zinc should be added. NPK total amount in farm should be placed in 5-10 cm deep hole during the time of sowing seeds.

  Irrigation. Generally, in Kharif season green gram crops does not require irrigation but if there is difference between 1st rain and 2nd rain then it must be irrigated so that the moisture can be maintained and fruits could grown easily. In summer's green gram crops should be irrigated at the interval of 10-15 days and 15 days before the ripening the irrigation should be stopped.

Weeds control. Take care is the must for the proper growth of the plants and to keep the plants bfree from weeds after the 1st irrigation it should be regulated with the help of spud. Or imazathaiper 300ml/ acre along with water should be used after 10 days of seed sowing.

Pest control. Generally, during summer due to high sunlight there is less effect to pest but white fly , cricket, etc... Can be prevente by using 8-10kg/acre 2% Methylpyrathiane should be mixed in soil particles and sprinkled over the plants and to plants with yellow spots should be plucked away or 100gm Thiomathaoxas in 500ml water per acre should be sprinkled.

Production. By the good cultivation of the green gram it can give easily upto 5-6tons/acre